Microbial Electrolysis Cells for Decentralised Wastewater Treatment: The Next Steps

Traditional wastewater treatment methods have become aged and inefficient, meaning alternative are essential to protect the environment ensure water energy security worldwide. The use of microbial electrolysis cells (MEC) for provides an innovative alternative, working towards circular production. This study evaluates factors hindering industrial adoption this technology proposes next steps further research development. Existing pilot-scale investigations studied critically assess main limitations, focusing on electrode material, feedstock, system design inoculation what need be taken technology. It was found that high strength influents lead increase in production, improving economic viability; however, large variations waste streams indicated a homogenous solution is unlikely with changes MEC specific different streams. current capital cost implementing MECs reducing electrodes should priority. Previous studies predominantly used carbon-based materials. Significant reductions relative performance observed when size. Inoculation time significant barrier quick operational performance. Economic analysis offer attractive option treatment, namely greater production improved efficiency. However, reduction necessary make economically viable. based systems improvements reliability, reduced downtime, rates return. Discussion merits H2 or CH4 indicates initial focus methane could provide stepping-stone while hydrogen market matures.